EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION IN THE COMPREHENSION OF GEOHELMINTÍASES IN A PUBLIC SCHOOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23901/1679-4605.2017v13n1p91-101Keywords:
Helminthiasis. Health education. Community-Institutional relations.Abstract
Studies frequently recommend educative health interventions as the first strategy for preventing and controlling helminthiasis, especially in poor communities. Based on the knowledge of parasitology, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of educative strategies on primary students in public schools. This activity is part of the Extension program entitled “The path of Helminths in the human body: an integrated view of parasitology and physiology for health promotion in public schools in João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.” This is a quasi-experimental study design with both pre-test and post-test evaluations, respectively, before and after the intervention. Children from 6th to the 9th grades attended the study. All the activities developed handled the subjects: classification, etiologic agent, morphology, biological cycle (including physioloy concepts), transmission, clinical aspects, epidemiological data and prevention. Each activity followed a sequence: presentation; lesson; entertainment time; knowledge building; final evaluation. The tests were graded from 0 to 10 and were analyzed by means of the statistics program GraphPad Prism 6, using Paired Student's t-test, for analysis of means between the two samples. Questions were analyzed by using the EPI INFO 7 program and computing the 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI). The educative activities were presented to 79 students for hookworm infections intervention and to 76 students for ascariasis intervention. These students were aged between 10 and 15 years. For ascariasis, the average grades of pre-tests intervention were 3.35±1.78 (mean ± SD) and post-tests intervention were 6.96±2.27 (mean ± SD). For hookworm infections, pre-test and post-test intervention grades were 2.54±1.37 (mean ± SD) and 7.04 ±2.06 (mean ± SD), respectively. The results were statistically significant. Difficulties were identified concerning the classification of parasites, once the percentage of correct answers in pre-test were 16.5% for Ascaris lumbricoides and 11.84% for Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. The results showed positive impacts in the methodological strategies applied in the comprehension of geohelminthiasis, which are contextualized in primary education. From this perspective, it is essential to highlight the importance of adding extension programs in schools, allowing university and community to build strategies that contribute to the knowledge of schoolchildren and the professional development of university students.
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